The term Random Access Memory (RAM) is the best example of hardware evolution. In very simple terms, it is a form of computer data storage that allows you to access the data any time, in any random order you want to. The aforementioned feature of RAM distinguishes it from other commonly used data storage media like CDs, hard disks, DVDs and the like.

Understanding RAM 

Typically, RAM is used for primary storage in computer systems and other modern operating systems such as a Smartphone. With RAM, moving data from main memory to processor needs just a few cycles, however recovering data from hard drive or likewise medium may take considerably more time. For the very same reason, modern-day operating systems principally run in Random Access Memory, and while they run and load applications, they move data and programs into RAM for more rapid processing.

Different Types Of RAM

RAM is typically categorized as volatile and non-volatile. Volatile RAM indicates that all the data would be lost in case chip is powered down whereas non-volatile RAM retains data even in the absence of power. Nevertheless, whenever talking about computer operating systems, the RAM is usually volatile type. Following is further brief description about types of RAM:

Static RAM (SRAM): In this type of RAM, a fragment of data is generally stored with the use of a state of flip-flop. This particular type of RAM is much more costly to create, however is quite faster and necessitates less power as compared to other types of RAM such as dynamic RAM. In present day computers, SRAM
is mostly used like cache memory for CPU.

Dynamic RAM (DRAM): This type of RAM stores a small piece of data with the use of a capacitor and transistor pair that together consists of a memory cell. The capacitor holds low or high charge, whereas the transistor works as a switch allowing control circuitry on the chip to read the state of charge of the capacitor. Because this type of memory is relatively less costly to produce as compared to SRAM, it is the main form of memory in the modern computers.

Phase-Change Random Access Memory (PRAM): This is a non-volatile random access memory. PRAM is based on phase-change properties of typical chalcogenide glass and by applying heat, it can be switched from crystalline to amorphous states. It offers high density and is ideal to be used in harsh environments.
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